Distinguishing the grade of red wine can be based on the following aspects:
1. Appearance and Packaging: Wine Bottle and Bottle Stopper: High end red wine usually uses a thick glass bottle body, with a deep depression at the bottom of the bottle, which is conducive to settling impurities and increasing the stability of the wine. Bottle stoppers are mostly natural cork stoppers, which may also have the winery's logo or seal on them. In contrast, mid to low end red wines may use lighter bottles and synthetic stoppers or screw caps. Label design: The label of high-end red wine is exquisite and full of design sense, detailing information such as winery, vintage, and place of origin. The label of low-end red wine may be relatively simple, and there may even be ambiguity.
2. Origin and grading system: French red wine: The grading system for French red wine is strict, with the highest grade being AOC and corresponding labels on the bottle. AOC can also be subdivided into multiple levels, such as GRAND CRU CLASS, CRU BOURGEOIS, etc. The Bordeaux wine region also has a classification of chateaus ranging from Grade 1 to Grade 5. Italian red wine: The highest level is guaranteed to be from designated regions, followed by designated production areas, local table wine, and daily table wine. Spanish red wine: The highest level is the winery wine of a single estate, followed by the designated high-quality production areas and French production areas, as well as specific production areas and regional table wines. Other countries also have their own grading systems, such as the AVA system in the United States.
3. Quality characteristics: Color and clarity: High quality red wine has a deep and clear color, without suspended solids or sediment. Young red wine appears purple red, while mature red wine may turn brick red or brown. Aroma and Taste: High end red wine has a complex and long-lasting aroma, including fruity, floral, and oak barrel aromas. The taste is balanced and delicate, with moderate acidity and sweetness, good tannin structure, and a long aftertaste. Brand and rating: The ratings of well-known brands and authoritative rating agencies are also important references for evaluating the quality of red wine. Red wines that win awards in international wine competitions usually have high quality.
By comprehensively considering the appearance and packaging, origin and grading system, and quality characteristics, the grade of red wine can be accurately identified.