New energy vehicles are mainly divided into the following five categories:
1. Pure electric vehicles: These types of vehicles rely entirely on electric propulsion and do not rely on traditional fuel. They store electrical energy through on-board batteries and are driven by electric motors to drive the vehicle. Pure electric vehicles have the advantages of zero emissions, low noise, and high energy efficiency, and are one of the new energy vehicle models vigorously promoted by the country.
2. Hybrid electric vehicles: Hybrid electric vehicles combine traditional fuel engines and electric motors as two power sources. These types of cars mainly rely on electric motors to drive at low speeds or under specific operating conditions, in order to reduce fuel consumption and emissions; When more power is needed, the engine will intervene. Hybrid vehicles cannot be charged externally, but the engine can charge the battery.
3. Plug in hybrid vehicles: Similar to hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles also have two power sources: a fuel engine and an electric motor. Differently, plug-in hybrid vehicles can be charged externally, further increasing their range in electric mode. They can be used separately with an electric motor or a fuel engine as needed, or both can be used simultaneously.
4. Range extender hybrid vehicles: The characteristic of range extender hybrid vehicles is that their engines are mainly used to charge the battery, rather than directly driving the vehicle. The vehicle mainly relies on the electric motor for driving, while the engine acts as a "range extender" to extend the vehicle's range. These types of cars can also be charged externally to meet different travel needs.
5. Fuel cell vehicles: Fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen and other fuels as energy sources, and generate electricity through fuel cells to drive the vehicle. Fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and pollution-free emissions, and are regarded as one of the important development directions for future new energy vehicles. However, the commercialization process of fuel cell vehicles still faces some challenges, such as insufficient construction of fuel filling stations and high costs of fuel cells.