The theory of emotions was proposed by multiple psychologists at different times, and the following are the answers organized according to the requirements:
1. William James and Carl Lange: William James proposed the theory in 1884 that emotional experiences are mainly caused by physical changes. Almost simultaneously, Danish psychologist Carl Lange also published a similar theory, emphasizing that emotions are the result of visceral activity, particularly changes in vascular activity. The merger of their theories is known as the "James Lange theory" or the "peripheral theory of emotions", which advocates that the generation of emotions is a product of the activity of the autonomic nervous system, that is, when the body undergoes physiological changes, we feel these changes and thus generate emotions.
2. Walter Cannon: Cannon questioned the James Lange theory and proposed his own theory of emotions. He believes that the center of emotions is not in the peripheral nervous system, but in the thalamus of the central nervous system. Emotional experiences and physiological changes occur simultaneously and are both controlled by the thalamus. Cannon's theory of emotions was supported and developed by Bard, and later it was referred to as the Kanba theory of emotions.
3. Other psychologists: American psychologist Arnold proposed the Assessment Excitement Theory of Emotions in the 1950s, which suggests that the generation of emotions is the result of the coordinated activity of the cerebral cortex and subcutaneous tissue, and that stimuli need to be evaluated before emotions can be produced. In the early 1960s, American psychologists Schacht and Singh proposed the three factor theory of emotions, which suggests that the generation of emotions requires individuals to experience a high degree of physiological arousal, cognitive arousal to changes in physiological states, and corresponding environmental factors.
The above information shows the main development process and proposers of emotion theory. These theories each have their own emphasis and together constitute a deep understanding and exploration of the mechanisms of emotion generation.