The working principle of the power drive system for new energy vehicles can be summarized as follows:
1. Overview of electric drive system: New energy vehicles use non petroleum derivatives as power sources, and their core lies in the electric drive system. The system mainly includes key components such as power battery, inverter, motor and its variable speed unit. As an energy storage device, the power battery provides electrical energy for the entire system. When the driver operates the vehicle, the vehicle control module will control the power battery to output electrical energy according to the driving intention, and convert DC power into AC power through an inverter to drive the motor to rotate.
2. Energy Conversion and Drive: Inverters play an important role in power drive systems, as they are responsible for converting the direct current energy output by power batteries into high-voltage alternating current suitable for motor operation. This conversion process enables the motor to operate efficiently, generating sufficient torque to drive the vehicle forward or backward. After receiving the AC power output from the inverter, the motor begins to rotate and output torque. This torque is transmitted to the wheels through the transmission device to drive the vehicle. Electric motors can efficiently generate torque over a wide speed range, which is one of the key factors for the superior power performance of modern electric vehicles.
3. Energy recovery and intelligent control: New energy vehicles can also achieve energy recovery and reuse during braking or deceleration. At this time, the motor will work as a generator, converting the kinetic energy of the wheels into electrical energy, and recycling it into the power battery through the inverter to charge the battery. The entire electric drive system also requires a complete set of control modules to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the vehicle. These control modules include the vehicle controller, motor controller, and battery management system. They collect vehicle status information, driver operation intentions, etc., send control commands to the power system, and monitor and adjust the system's operating status in real time to achieve optimized control and energy management of the vehicle.
The power drive system of new energy vehicles achieves electric drive and efficient operation of the vehicle through key links such as power battery storage of electrical energy, inverter conversion of electrical energy, motor driven vehicle, and energy recovery and intelligent control.